In this paper, a novel risk-based, two-objective (TECHNICAL and economical) optimal reactive power dispatch method in a wind-integrated power SYSTEM is proposed which is more consistent with operational criteria.  The TECHNICAL objective includes the minimization of the new voltage instability risk index. The economical objective includes cost minimization of reactive power generation and active power loss. The proposed voltage instability risk employs a hybrid possibilistic (Delphi-Fuzzy)-probabilistic approach that takes into consideration the operator’s experience, the wind speed and demand forecast uncertainties when quantifying the risk index. The decision variables are the reactive power resources of the SYSTEM. To solve the problem, the modified multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm with sine and cosine acceleration coefficients is utilized. The method is implemented on the modified IEEE 30-bus SYSTEM. The proposed method is compared with those in the previously published literature, and the results confirm that the proposed risk index is better at estimating the voltage instability risk of the SYSTEM, especially in cases with severe impact and low probability. In addition, according to the simulation results compared to typical security-based planning, the proposed risk-based planning may increase the security and economy of the SYSTEM due to better utilization of SYSTEM resources.

Background and Objectives: Precision in designing and correct managements on sprinkler irrigation SYSTEMs can help to improve and develop of these SYSTEMs and cause efficiency raising in agriculture.Materials and Methods: In this research, constant classic sprinkle irrigation SYSTEMs (four SYSTEMs) and one wheel move sprinkle SYSTEM were evaluated and compared (in 2015). To evaluate of irrigation SYSTEMs, Christiansen’s uniformity coefficient (CU), distribution uniformity (DU), application efficiency of low-quarter (AELQ) and potential application efficiency of low quarter (PELQ) were calculated in the experimental plots and adjusted with pressure changes for the whole SYSTEM.Results: The maximum an uniformity coefficient and distribution uniformity in all the SYSTEMs were in Darab, Arsenjan and Sarvestan counties and they were 80.78, 69.56 and 68.21 percent for uniformity coefficient, respectively. These values showed normal distribution of data and symmetry measurements than the average and the distribution uniformities were 66.12, 55.4 and 53 percent, respectively.Conclusion: The reason of low distribution uniformity in SYSTEMs was water losses for deep percolation, outdated SYSTEM, pressure loss and pressure and discharge variations of sprinklers.Homogenization of application efficiency potential of low quarter and the actual application efficiency in all evaluated irrigation SYSTEMs were showed supply water less than plants water requirement. These values were low that showed water losses because of deep percolation and outdated SYSTEMs.

In this paper we suggest a method to calculate the first integrals of a special SYSTEM of the first order of differential equations. Then we use the method for finding the solutions of some differential equations such as, the differential equation of RLC circuit.

Purpose: Cardiac SPECT imaging is widely used for many clinical practices such as the diagnostic of coronary artery diseases (CAD) and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI). In this work, we introduced the ProSPECT SYSTEM, a dedicated cardiac SPECT SYSTEM with open-gantry design. Materials and Methods: In this study we assessed the performance of the SYSTEM based on NEMA-NU1-2007 standards. The ProSPECT SYSTEM was characterized by measurement of planar, tomographic and clinical parameters. Results: Planar measurements showed 7. 6 mm and 8. 9% of spatial resolution and energy resolution at 140 keV, respectively. The tomographic resolution at 250 mm radius of rotation was 12. 3 mm. Also, the maximum LOR and COR error for the tomographic imaging are obtained 1. 1 mm and 1. 8 mm, respectively. The clinical images that obtained using the SYSTEM were confirmed by nuclear medicine physician expert. Conclusion: It concluded that the ProSPECT imaging is qualified for cardiac SPECT imaging.